Ⅰ. Sample preparation

1. Size and shape:

Ensure that the size and shape of the sample meet the measurement requirements to avoid measurement errors caused by inappropriate size or irregular shape. For example, for some measurement methods, specific shapes (such as rings, squares, etc.) and sizes of samples may be required.

2. Surface treatment:

The surface of the sample should be clean, smooth, and free of oil, rust, dust and other impurities to avoid affecting the interaction between the magnetic field and the sample and the measurement results. If necessary, the sample surface can be appropriately ground and polished.

3. Avoid stress:

During sample preparation and handling, it is important to avoid introducing stress, which may cause changes in the magnetic properties of the material. For example, do not bend, stretch, or compress the sample excessively.

Ⅱ. Measurement environment

1. Temperature control:

Temperature has a significant impact on the magnetism of amorphous nanocrystalline materials, so the measurement should be carried out in a constant temperature environment, and the temperature should be accurately measured and recorded. Generally speaking, it is necessary to select an appropriate temperature range based on the characteristics of the material and the purpose of measurement, and ensure the stability and uniformity of the temperature. Temperature fluctuations should be controlled within a small range (such as ±0.5°C or less).

2. Magnetic field shielding:

In order to avoid interference from external magnetic fields on measurements, effective magnetic field shielding devices should be installed around the measurement area. For example, a shield can be made from a material with high magnetic permeability, such as permalloy, to reduce the impact of external magnetic fields.

3. Vibration and noise:

The measurement environment should be kept as quiet as possible to avoid the impact of vibration and noise on the measurement equipment, as these factors may cause fluctuations and instability in the measurement data.

Ⅲ. Calibration of measuring equipment

1. Instrument calibration:

Magnetic measuring instruments (such as fluxmeters, magnetometers, gaussmeters, etc.) must be calibrated before use to ensure the accuracy and reliability of their measurements. Calibration should be performed in accordance with the methods and standards provided by the instrument manufacturer, calibrated regularly (usually once a year or at a calibration cycle determined based on frequency of use and accuracy requirements), and calibration data and results recorded.

2. Standard sample:

Calibration and verification of measuring instruments using standard samples of magnetic materials. The magnetic property parameters of the standard sample should be known and accurate. By measuring the standard sample and comparing it with the known parameters, the accuracy and precision of the measuring instrument can be verified.

Ⅳ. Selection of measurement methods

1. According to material characteristics:

Different amorphous nanocrystalline materials may have different magnetic characteristics. For example, the measurement methods and parameters of soft magnetic materials and hard magnetic materials are different. Appropriate measurement methods and measurement parameters should be selected based on the material type, composition, structure, and expected magnetic properties.

2. Consider the purpose of measurement:

It is clear which magnetic parameters (such as magnetization curve, hysteresis loop, saturation magnetization, coercive force, magnetic permeability, etc.) the purpose of the measurement is to obtain, and then choose a method that can accurately measure these parameters.

3. Verification by multiple methods:

When conditions permit, multiple measurement methods can be used to measure the same batch of samples to mutually verify the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. If there are large differences in the results obtained by different methods, the reasons should be analyzed and the measurements should be re-measured.

Ⅴ. Data processing and analysis

1. Data collection:

Ensure accurate collection of measurement data and avoid data loss or incorrect recording. During the measurement process, attention should be paid to observing the change trend and stability of the measurement data. If there are any abnormalities, they should be checked and dealt with in time.

2. Error analysis:

Perform error analysis on measurement data, including systematic errors and random errors. System errors may come from errors in measuring instruments, the influence of environmental factors, etc.; random errors may be caused by noise, interference and other factors during the measurement process. By analyzing the sources of errors, corresponding measures can be taken to reduce errors and improve measurement accuracy.

3. Interpretation of results:

Based on the measured magnetic parameter results, combined with the material's preparation process, composition, structure and other factors, the magnetic properties of the material can be reasonably explained and analyzed. At the same time, attention should be paid to comparing the measurement results with relevant standards, specifications or other research results to evaluate whether the material's performance meets the requirements.